Engraving machine



H. RUDDELL. ENGRAVING MACHINE.

Patented Nov.. 7, i922.

' Il SHEETS SHEET l.

ELASMM,

R. RUDDELL.

. l l. 1,434,794. PatentedvNov. 7, 19.22;

l l 1| SHEETS-SHEET 2.

R. RUDDELL.

ENGRAVING MACHINE. APPLICATION man MAR. 5. 1921.

1,434,794, Patented Nov. 7,1922.

ll SHEETS-SHEET 3.

INVENTOR. //f//H /CUMQL I Patented Nov. 7, 922.

II SHEETS-SHEET 4.

"IIIIII IN V EN TOR.

A TTORNEY R. RUDDELL. ENGRAVING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED M AR.5, 192|.

H. RUDDELL. ENGRAVINGMACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 5. 192|.

3,434,794. Patented Nov. 7, 1922;

I1 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

R. HUDDELL..

ENGRAVING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 5.1921. 1,434,794. Patented Nov.I 7, 1922.

I I SHEETS-SHEET 6.

Rt RUDDELL.

ENGRAVING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 5, 1921.

Patented Nov. 7, 1922.

Il SHEETS-SHEET 7.

BY W

l ORNEYS R. RUDDELL.

ENGHAVING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 5. I92I.

Patented Nov. 7 1922u Il SHEETS-SHEET 81 R. RIIDDELL. ENGRAVING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 5,1921.

Patented Nov. 7, i922.

II -SHEETS-SHEEI 9.

IN V EN TOR. @UM/m ///mq A TTORNE R. RUDDELL.

ENGR/WING MACHINE.

APPucATroN FILED MAR.5,1921.

Patented Non?, 1922.

H SHEETS-SHEET l0;

ATTRN.

R. RUTDELL.

ENGRAVING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 5| |921- Paytnted Nov. 7, 1922.

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RICHARD RUDIDELL, OF SOUTH MANCHES BROTHERS, or sont/JH MANCHES-rua, iinc'roor.

entren orties.

TER, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO CHENEY CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION 0E CON- ENGRAVING MACHNE.

Application filed. March 5, 1921, Serial No. 449,653.

To ali fr0/wm it 'may cof/wem Be it known that l, RICHARD Eminem., a citizen of the United States, residing at South Manchester, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in En-` labor now necessary for the engraving of metallic surfaces', more particularly the surfaces of printing rolls, shells and the like. lt further has for its object to greatly reduce the time required and the expense in volved in the engraving of such surfaces. it further has for its object to produce a machine in which sets of rolls or shells can be simultaneously engraved with counter part designs, asdesired, by the use of mechanical guides or patterns.

'lhe particular feature involved in my in rention is the application to an engraving machine of the principles now employed in the Jacquard `looms for the weaving of cloth. Another important feature is the introduction of a shifting jacquard needle hoard into a jacquard head. Another feature is the means for shifting the siu'faces to be engraved axially and longitudinally. Another important feature is the use of a series ol engraving tools or needles and` means for actuating'a plurality of the elements of said series simultaneously so as to produce longitudinal repeats of the design upon the surface to be engraved.

ln the particular embodiment here described, the engraving isfprimarily done by scratching or puncturing a thin film of varnish pmviouslyY spread over and dried upon the metallic surface to be engraved and thereafter immersing the object in a bath of acid which will eat into the body of the metal sutliciently to leave the pattern thereon of sufficient depth to receive the color for printing purposes. The coating of the surface or a copper roll or shell with varnish and scratching 0r puncturing it by an engraving tool and then subjecting it to an acid bath has long been practised by engravers, and is being' practised today so that the details thereof are all fully understood by those skilled in the art of engraving rolls and the like for the printing of fabrics, paper, etc. The scratching or puncturing of the varnish in the manner` heretofore used, so as to produce the pattern, however, is a very slow and tedious process requiring` much time and labor and great attention on the part of the operator. lt is also veryA expensive. By invention the work which has heretofore been done by hand is accomplished mechanically and is controlledby a pattern which can be stored away and brought out from time to time whenever it is desired to engrave a given pattern upon a roll.

On account of the ease with which a pat-l tern can be engraved upon a roll or other surface by a machine, it becomes practicable to turn down the rolls after a pattern has been used for a certain period even though vthere seems to be a possibility that the pattern may be used again, whereas, at present, expensive copper rolls and shells are kept for long periods without disturbing the engraving thereon on account of the great cost of work involved in such engraving. Furthermore, the speed with which the engraving can be done enables manufacturers to get out a new pattern at a much earlier date, and if the pattern fails to be as popular as wss expected, the loss resultingtherefrom is a much less seriousmatter than when the engraving is done by the old process.

The following is a description of my inventionreferencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, in which- F ig. l is a diagrammatic view showing in perspective the elements of a machine embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 shows more in detail the jacquard head and chain shown di agrammatically in .the upper part of Fig. l;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the lower part of the machine on the line 8 3 of Fig. t',

Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the part of ythe ina-chine below the jacquard head with certain other :details omitted;

Fig. 4A is a detail of an automatic traverse feed shown near the left of 4 and at `the right lower portion of Figz;

Fig. 4B is a detail of the mechanism shown at the right ot Fig. i and at the lett of Fig. 5;

Fig, 5 is a right end elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a left hand elevation of the same; Fig. 7 is a section on the line 7-`=7 ot Fig. 3;

Fig. 7A is a detail ot the tailstock and bearings on the line 7A-7A5 Fig. 7

Fig. 7B is a detail of the traverse ratchet lon the line 7B-7B, Fig. 7

Fig. 7C is a detail of the shell revolving gearing looking in the direction of the arrows 7C-7C, Fig. 7;

Fig` 7 D shows medial sections of Fig. 7;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged diagrammatic view ol' the surface to be engraved with the engraving needle and the devices controlled by the jacquard head for controlling said needle;

Fig 8^ is a front elevation et the same;

Fig. 8B are details ot' guiding combs;

vF ig. 9 is a detail end view of the jacquard head and means for shitting the needle boards;

Fig. 10 is a detail of one oi' the multipliers of which several are used in the machine;

Fig. 11 is an illustrative view of a chain of jacquard cards to which reference will be made in explaining the invention.

Referring more particularly to the drawings: The machine as shown in its general assembly is one designed to engrave a set of five shells or rolls for five color printings,

the engraving 'upon each shell being ditferent and all the shells being engraved at the same time. Each shell and the mechanism for engraving it is, however, a duplifate so that it is only necessary to describe what is done in connection with one shell. and that will be done in connection with the rear one of the ive shells.

1. is the frame work of the lower portion of the machine carrying tive arbors 2, each oit which is adapted to receive a copper shell 3, the shells being wedged thereon by wedges l as shown inFig. 7, so that the axis of each shell coincides with the axis of its arbor. The arbors and shells are assembled on the bench being there adjusted concentrically and longitudinally and are put into the machine one at a time by a hand operated traveling crane froin below and ele-- vated into the bearings by a jack screw motion.

i All the arbors 2 vare revolved simultaneously with an intermittent motion by worm.

gears 5 driven by worms-6 mounted on the shaft 7 which is driven with intermittent steps 1n one direction by a pawl 8, (Fig. 4) acting upon a `ratchet wheel 9 being moved 1n the same direction at times a halfstep by' the pawl 8 and at other times in the other directionI a halfstep by a pawl 10 acting upon the ratchet wheel 11, all of said three pawls being controlled by thejacquard head as hereinafter described. The pawl 8 revolves the shalt 7 through 360. The pawls 8, 8 and 10 are carried by a. trame 12 con; nected by al universal joint to an eccentric link 13 connected to the ring 14 surround= ing the eccentric 15 upon. a szhat 16 driven by an electric motor 17 through the train oit reduction gearing 18.

The mechanism just described has tor its purpose to produce intermittent rotation of each ot' the shafts or arbors 2 carrying the shells 3. The pawl 8 produces a series of intermittent motions until the shell yarbors have made a complete revolution whereupon the arbors are shifted longitudinally by means `hereinafter described, and again revolved by the pawl 8, the action being repeated until three revolutions have taken place. After the first 01"' said Icv0 lutions however. the pawl 8 rotates the a1'- bor a distance corresponding to one toot-h, one halt1 step, so that the starting or Zero ci." the shell point is advanced a slight die tance from the original zero point, resulting as will be hereinafter seen, in staggered joints in the engraving. The pawl 10 at the end ot the second revolution moves the shell arbor backwards to the original starting or Zero point.

The longitudinal movement oi the arbor above referred to is permitted by surrounding the right hand end ot the arbor with a bushing 19 to which the arbor is splined so that while it turns therewith, it is free to move longitudinally relatively thereto. the bushing being directly connected to the gear The longitudinal movement ot the arbor is about as follows:

The left hand end of the arbor as shown in Fig. 7 is journaled in a tailstock 20. its end being necked and held in a bearing therein. lost motion being taken up by an adjusting screw 2l. This tailstock slides in suitable ways and can be manually moved to and tro by a screw 22 actuated by the hand wheel Q3. Mounted upon this screw so as to revolve therewith is a ratchet wheel 24e actuated by a pawl 25 mounted on alink 26 which is-connected to a universal bar 27 moved in one direction by a spring 28 and in the other direction by an oscillating catch lever 29 actuating a pawl 30 carried by the bar 9,7. This lever l29 is actuated b v an eccentric link 31 driven by an eccentric on the shaft 16 (Fig. 6.).

As the shaft 16 is rotated the lever 29 is oscillated and moves the pawl 30 together `with the universal bar 27 whenever the pawl is permitted to engage the lever 29. :This engagement, as will be hereinafter described,

and the individual needles 'are normally held in lifted position by light hair-pin springs 34, the lower endsof Which are suitably .engaged While the upper ends are guided by a conib 35. rllhese hair-pin springs pass through holes in the engraving needles and lift them `by an upward movement limited iy the stop 36. Above each needle there is a Weight 37 pivoted upon the bar 36 and guided' by combs 39 and 40. .attached to each. of these Weights is a string 4l which in turn attached to the end of .lever 42 pivoted on a bar 43 and having a Weight. 44 at its rear end which `is attached to a string 45 ext-ending upwards through a guide 46 (Fig. l) to one of the hooks 47 of the jacquard head. These hooks engage in the usual manner with vertically reciprocating cross bars 48 of the griffe when permitted to ydo so by their jacquard needles 49, `there being, as is understood by those skilled in the jacquard art, one jacquard needle for each hook, the `jacquard needle having an eye. through which lthe body of the hook passes, so that While the jacquard needleV may control thev fore 'and aft position of the hook, the hook Will be free to rise and fall. The jacquard needles. as in ordinary jacquard heads, are guided by`needle boards 50 Which are fined relatively to one another, although in my present invention they are adjustable vertically as and for purposes hereinafter described. 4

ln front of the front needle board is a square jacquard card carrier 5l over which an ordinary jacquard chain of cards 52 j passes. This card carrier is supported both'ends by slides 53 which are moved backwards and forwards by links 54 connected to cross head 55 ivhich is provided With a lever arm 56 Which is actuated through the link 57 by an adjustable crank pin 58 on the ily Wheel 59 ofthe shaft 16. rllhe lever 56 is also connected to a. link 60 `which is connec'ted to a. vertical sliding rodl 61 carrying the griffe 62 with the cross bars 48. The revolution of the shaft 16 therefore results in the rising and lowering of the bars 48 and also results inthe moving rof the carrier 51 towards and from the front needle board 50. The cards upon the carrier 51 engage. .the jacquard needles 49 to move them out of the path of the rising cross bars 48 ory j'ierforated and thus determine Whether the cross hars 46 shall lift 'the hooks. ils is ivell known. the carrier is revolved through 900 between eachreciprocation so as to present a new card to the jacquard needles, this being brought about in the ordinary manner by means not shown. y

Fig. ll. shows a number of typical jacquard cards having numerous perforations producing various elfectslin connection with my engraving machine. Card 63 shows punchings for controlling' jacquard needles which in turn control engraving tools for live shells, there being live groups each containing 12 vertical rows of perforations and 16 horizontal rows of perforations. This to show the full number of holes or spaces in such a card. As shown in Figs. l. and 9 the jacquard needles in my present embodiment are so disposed that there are needles in front of tliefirst, fifth,.ninth. .and tliir-` teenth horizontal rows of a card and in front of those roivs only When the needle boards are in theirloivest positions. ln card 64 the perforatimis` shown correspond to all the spaces in the fourth, eighth, twelfth and sixteenth. roivs; in card`65 they correspond .to the spaces in the third. seventh, eleventh and fifteenth roivs, and in card 66 they col-, respond to the `spaces in the second,`siXth, tenth. and fourteenth rows, in card 67they correspond to Jthe spaces in the lirst, fifth, .ninth and thirteenth rows. y f

For this reason the cards such as 64 would .permit hooks of the jacquard head to act only when the card was in its loiverinost po-y sit-ion while cards such as 65 would permit theni to .act only When. the cards were inthe nent higher position, and cards 66, 67 would correspondingly permit needles yto yact only in one of the next tvro positions. Cards 64 to 6T are illustrative and would seldom be used. (lard 68hoivever. is a typical lcard los and shorts perforations such that some `of j the needles `would be permitted to act With the needle boards in any position. By making use of four roivs of needles in the jacquard head and by shifting` the cards vertically from timel to time a very `great variety of combinations can be secured with acomparativcly small number of cardsi and this feature is one of the import-ant features `of my invention since it reduces the storage space necessary for cards to such an extent as to ina-ke the idea feasible.

In addition to the groups of'holes upon the cards shown in Fig. ll, there is a small group 69 on card 68 and a group 70 on card 7l. These are what are known `as mechanism holes andere for the purposes of controlling various features of theinachine yThus ,tor instance, iii

Ain a manner practised and Well understood by those familiar with fla-cfpuar.d looms. is desired to Voperate certain mechanism atrv the e period, a certain number et the p cards passing will ce pi`ovide lv with mechanism holes which will set the mechanism for operation and control it so that at' the end ot that period it will on account et holes in a mechanism card 71 perform the desired operation as will be vhereinafter more fully described. Card 71 it is to be need, is a mechanism bard pure and simple, while card 68 is a combined pattern and mechanism card.

In order tomove the needle boards 59 up- Wardly and downwardly l piiovide a (F ig. 9) driven by a gear 73 vv .ch in'turn is driven by a ratchet "le actuated by a paivl 75 mounted in the `trame 76 conn l by a link i ee 77 tothe lever 56. This paivl has connected toit a cord 7 8 which herein after described., is'controlled by a multiplier, This niultiplier when set by mechanisni holes in pattern cards permits the 'paivl 75 to engage the geari'll and When therea er actuated, under the control oit mechanism cards and moves the same a certain distance determined by themechanisni cards until the cam 7 2 shifts the -needle boards 50 either upward or downward a distance equal to the distance between any two ot its adjacent positions thereby bringing the needles opposite any desired spaces corresponding to the 1.6 horizontal rows et card 63 11).

- -One of the multipliers is shown in doti-.i in Fig. 10, the saine consisting et supporting plate 79 mounted on any convenient pon tion oi'f the machine traine. This supporting plate is provided with. two vguides 80., 81 in which moves a rod 82 normally held in depressed position by the spring 83. `This roo. i

at its loiver end is provided with a loop 84. The supporting plate is also provided with `tivo guides 85, 8o in which slides a rod 87 normally held in depressed position by a "spring S8. To the upper end ot this rod is connected a hook 39 which Ytrein time to time enters the loop Sei-fas shown in dotted lines. This'hoolr89 is controlled by a slide 90 actuated by a connecting har 91 from crank pin upon a gear 92 which through intermittent gearing` .s driven bv a ratchet Wheel 93 r: L, J

actuated hya `pavvl 911 carried by a pivot frame 95. This trame has a lever arin 96 to which is connected* a nord 97 Which in turn is connected to a. jacquard hook Whose needle controlled by the presence or absence et corresponding mechanism holes in pattern cards oit the chain. The slide 82 is also connected hy a cord 9S to a similar hook in the jacquard head v/hich is controlled by mechanism cards. whenever a card permits the needle corresponding to either cords 97 or 98 toengage- From this it will be seen that the reciprocating cross bars 48, one or both oit those cords will be drawn upward. in actuating these multipliers the cards are so perforated that a''ter a certain number of turns the cords 97 `will .be pulled enough times to cause the hoolz 39 to engage the loop 8st, and there? ter the needle corresponding to the cord 98 Will permit its hooi; to engage 'the cross yhar t3 a sniticient nuinoer oi times to cause the cord extending downwardly troni the bar S7 to operate to produce the desired result. 4

Reterring to Fig. l it will be seen that are tourv suoli multipliers used in the Thus the multiplier 100 'which als the paf-vl 30 `for controlling the inal shifting et' the arbors y2,"the inliers 101, 102 whichA control the parvis 7 respectively to shift the arbore onenal''the space 'trom the Zero position and return it to such position.` rThe multiplier 193 which tlireugh the connection 7 5" controls the paivl 75 tor determining When the vneedle boards 50 shall-be raised and lowered.

Uperation: ln operating an engraving inachine embodying my invention, a' series of so that the arbors'are brought baclr to the l .aero position circumterentially and i initial position longitudinally. 1This ,atter being accomplished by the hand wheel 23. The i'na'chine'is then put in operation whereupon the hooks in the jacquard 'head are lifted remain at rest according tothe punch iii the cards. 'When any engraving hooir is lifted.y the corresponding lei/'er 37 is allowed to 'fall so as to engage the corresponding needle and depress it into ennienty with theroll 3. When the hool in the jacquard head lowers' the lever 37 will be raised so that the engraving needle Will be retracted hy its spring` A34C. e

ln order to produce repeats of the. attern, each hoolris connected to Weights 37 controlling a plurality cia-engraving needles as shown diagrainmatically in Fig. 1in the same manner asv heel; is connected to apluiality ot needles in the Jacquard loom tor' producing ln the present instance, each hook is connected Withliive levers` 42 and thus controlsive levers 37 which in turn control live corresponding enneedles in as many groups.A i In order te add to the ease et' understandingthe principles oit my inventionyl shall atthis point set forth an example tor enoraving, asv folloivs,`which I shall often refer l-to :Supposethat an S-inch by S-inch'fpattern is to beengraved for five colors on five copper shells, one color per shell, shells 16 inches in circumference `by l0 inches long. rlhere will therefore be two repeats of the patterns in the circumference of the shell and five repeats in the length of the shell. also for this example, l assume a lineness of engraving of 72 marks per inch both circumferentially and longitudinally. lso l assume that the machine is equipped with engraving needles spaced 1/6th of an inch, that is 6 engraving needles per inch, making l18 engraving needles per each 8 inch or repeat of the pattern, which means 48 times .3 or 240er),- graving needles per shell.

@ne ordinary Jacquard loom card has two equal sections each having spa-ces for 1G horizontal rows of holes and e vertical holes with l additional rows of 4l mechanism holes each in each corner of the card, making a possible total of 1,280 pattern holes or hole spaces and 1G mechanism holes or hole spaces for each card.`

ln the present example l'allot to each of the copper shells ay section of hole spaces for l2 holes long hy 16 holes high whichv equals 192 hole spa-ces per section or as shown in card G8, 960 for the entire pattern and for all live shells.

'l he l,first engraving `needle of each repeat mounted longitudinally on the shell is tied to and controlled by the first jacquard hook in the corresponding card section, the first jacquard hook by the lirst jacquard needle, similar connections existing vbetween 'successive engraving needles` hooks and jacquard needles up to and including the L18 engraving needles, hooks and jacquard needles. `The a8 jacquard needles controlling the t8 en graving needles are placed when engraving commences, in the jacquard head opposite to card rows 1, 5, 9 and 13 counting upward from the bottom of the jacquard card; that is opposite twelve hole spaces in each of those four rows making a total of 48 hole spaces corresponding to 18 jacquard needlesf All' this is true of each of` the live sections of the jacquard cards corresponding to each of the `five colors and copper shells.

lilach first jacquard hook is connected to each of the five needles correspondingto similar positions in each of the five repeats so that all of these needles are raised and lowered simultaneously and the succeeding jacquard hooks are each connected to the succeeding needles in each of the tive repeats. the 418th jacquard hook being connected to each 118th engraving' needle in each of the repeats.

After the machine has heen set up the chain of cards is fed twice through the jacquard head, the cylinders being meantime completely revolved, the movements taking place when the engraving needles are in engagement therewith so as to `produce V2, `G, 10, and le, the rows 3,

scratches, in the present instance, 1/72d` of an inch in length. This makes two circumferential repeats. After the cylinders have heen revolved they are under the control of mechanism cards moved longitudinally 1/72d part of an inch by the act-ion of ratchet upon the ratchet wheel 24, the engraving needles being elevated and while the engraving needles arestill elevated the cylinders are revolved l/le'eth part of an inch by the action of the pawl 8 upon the ratchet wheel 9. The chain of cards is then fed through the machine' a third and a fourth time thereupon the cylinder moved longitudinally another [2d part ofv an inch by the screw 22, and is rotated reversely l/ldth part of an inch by the pawl 10, whereupon the chain of cards is fed through tifth and sixth time thus producing three similar lines of scratches separated from each other by 1/72d part of an inch, adjacent lines being displaced circumferentially 1/144Ith part of an inch so as to' make the scratches in the three lines overlap or break joints with one another, the

control of the pawls being attainedr by mechanism holes in the chain of cards.

At this time the cam 72 controlled through the 'multiplier 103 is actuated to shift the needle boards upward one space so as to bring the ends of the jacquard needles in line with the 2nd,6th, 10th and 14th rows of hole spaces in the jacquard cards and the chain of cards is fed through six times more, the rolls being shifted longitudinally after each second time and also adjusted as to their zero position between each second time. This operation is repeated until the chain of cards has been. fed through the jacquard head 24 times, sin times with the jacquard needles in line with each ofthe rows 1, 5, 9`and 13, the rows 7, 11, and 1.3 and the rows e, 8, 12, and 16 respectively.

The cards are fed through six times for each settling of the needle boards 50 so as to get a sufficiently broad cuttinginthe` varnish on the cylinder. The varnish between the three lines thus formed is so slight that when the roll isr consequently im'- mersed in acid, it is undercut so as to he removed and produce but a single etched line for receiving color.

At each setting of the needle boards 50, the shells are not only returned to zero posi-- tion but are moved rlongitudinally 1/72d of an inch so that the resulting lines on succeeding revolutions of the rolls are pro perl)y spaced. f

The cards during each revolution of the roll are fed ythrough the head two times to make two circumferentially spaced'repeats` from the roll.

The machine can be so? adjusted that the circumferential movements of the rolls as Well as the transverse movements of the rolls will all take place when the engravingjneedles `are out of contact therewith. When this is the case the needles will forni pin-pricks in the varnish as distinguished from scratches in the varnish and the design can be Worked onto the rolls in either manner preferred. ln both cases, however, it is desirable to stagger the markings which is done by shifting the circumfeiH ential zero position after each circle of marks in the manner above described.

When operated as described there will be two circumferential repeats upon the rolls and live longitudinal: repeats thereof7 all of which are determined by the punchings in the cards fed through the jacquard head7 the movements of the rolls being controlled by mechanism holes in cards of the chain. j y j The needles are pointed needles and the marks which they make correspond to the sharpness of their points and may be from 1/20 to l/lOOth of an inch in width and. even finer.

The motion necessary to accomplish the cycle of any multiplier is obtained by mechanisml holes in the pattern cards which are familiar to those. skilled in Jacquard looms. For instance if it is desired to have a multiplier complete its cycle in two passings of the card pack and it takes96 motions of its pawl to complete the multipliers cycle, there would be 4S mechanism holes for thevneedle to control that multiplier' in as many pattern cards.` The rst few cards inthe pack are the best to use. After the cycle is completed holes in mechanism cards actuate the multiplier to produce the desired result, the engraving needles being at rest.

y As stated before my machine requires at least four multipliers. The traverse multiplier 100 allows the longitudinal traverse of the shells after completion ofeach circle of engraving.

The jacquard needle board shift multic plier 103 causes the operation of a system of cams, ratchets and pawls that shift the jacquard boards and needles from one posi tion to another, the shift being controlled by several mechanism cards, such as card 71 which are devoted exclusively to this function of the machine, with the result that when the shift is taking place, none of the other functions of the machine can occur. Other multipliers however, can be actuated by mechanism holes in cards which also contain pattern holes such as card 68.

The zero shift multiplier 101 controls the fraction pawl which operates on. ratchet 8V and permits this'pawl to come into action for shifting the Zero at the proper time.

The zero shift reverse multiplier 102 acts to engage the pawl 10 of the shell revolving mechanism at the proper time'in.v thecycle of the machine to restore the shells by cylindrical motion to the original Zero position.

The regular revolving pawl 8 is controlled by a jacquard needle and hook and is lifted out of engagement with its ratchet, by mechanism cards so as to `free the ratchet wheel 9 when its shaft is being actuated by either of the pawls 8` or 10. The pawl 8 is lifted out of engagement whenever any other functions are being performed which do not require the normal intermittenty rotation of the shells; i. e. whenever engraving is not desired.

The functioning ofthe machine after all the adjustments and settings have been made are as follows: During the first passage of the cards through the jacquard head7 one half of a circle of marks is formed upon each shell but none of the functions controlled by the mechanism holes are allowed to occur. In passing the pack through once the various multipliers have been moved through parts of their respective cycle by theirrespective jacquard hooks which are in turn controlled by jacquard needles and mechanism holes in the pattern cardsL When the cards have passed through a second time the first circle of engraving by each engraving needle on each of the five shells has been completed. Each needle the pattern calls for it would have made a possible 1152 marks. This equals aftotal of 276,480 marks per shell.

After completing this entire circle the following functions'occur:

The shells are `moved longitudinally 1/12th of 1/6th or 1/72d of an inch. The zero shift occurs amounting approximately to 1/2 of 1/72dof an inch (l/lldd) circumferentially. No other functions of the machine are allowed to occur. The pack of 'cardsis passed through a 3rd and ith time completing the second circle of engravingj and the following functions occur:`

The traverse of 1/72d of an inch, the shells revolved backwards (or Zero reverse) 1/2 of 1/72d (1/144) of an inch. None of the other functions of the machine are allowed to occur. y

The pack of cards is passed through the machine a fifth and sixth time completing the third circle of engraving, after which the following functions of the machine occur:

The traverseof 1/72 of an inch, zero shift of lll/144: of an inch. The jacquard needle board shift into second position, the jacquard needles being thus moved opposite hole spaces 2, 6, 10 and leef the jacquard card. `None of the other functions of the machine are allowed to occur. lt will be observed that the. engraving done in the Erst. second and third circles is exactly the same as the first circle except that the second lli) iso

circle is moved forward circumferentially l/2 the length of the engraved mark with the result that the marls are staggered.

The paci; of cards is then passed through the machine a seventh and eighth time completing the fourth circle, the engraving done in this circle being` controlled by an entirely i ew set of holes in the jacquard cards. er the completion of the fourth circle the following functions occur:

rlhe traverse of l/'TQ of an inch and zero shift reverse. None of the other functions of the machine are allowed to occur.

The paci; of cards is then passed through two more times completinr,` the fifth circle,

after which the following'functions occurz Traverse of l/TQ of an inch and zero shift. None of the other functions of the machine are allowed to occur.

The pacl; of cards is then passed through two more times completingq the sixth circle, after which the following functions occur:

'l`raverse, :aero shift reverse and jacquard needle board shift to the third position placing jacquard needles opposite to positions corresponding to hole'spaces 3, 7, 1l and 15.

None of the other functions of the machine V are allowed to occur.

rllhe paclr of cards is then passed through six morev times and the seventh, eighth and ninth circles are engraved functionally the saine as were the lirst, second and third circles, after which the same functions of the machine occur as after the sixth circle with the result that the jacquard needles are opposite positions Ll, 8, l2, and lo.

Thereupon follows the engraving of the tenth, eleventh and' twelfth. circles corresponding functionally to the l-th, 5th and 6th circles at the end of which time all of the engraving on all live shells is completed.

lf the cards call for it, each shell may receive a possible 3,317,760 markings, the mechanical performance of which would have been accomplished by my invention in a much shorter time, With much less labor and much greater accuracy than if done by hand.

las Will be evident to those skilled in the art, my invention permits of various modifications Without departingfrom the spirit thereof or the scope of the appended claims.

1What I claim is:

l. In an engraving' machine, the combination of a series of engraving` needles, a

jacquard head, means controlled by said j acquard head for positioning said needles, to engrave a. pattern, and means for moving a surface to be engraved by said needles.

2. ln an engravingV machine, the combination of a series of engraving needles, a jacquard head, means controlled by said jac- (piard head for positioning said needles to engrave a pattern, means for moving a surface to be engraved by said needles, and

mea-ns controlled by said acquard head for shifting said surface longitudinally of the f pattern `when said needles are in engagerneut therewith.

'3. ln an engraving machine, the combination of a series engi-avingv needles, a jacouard head, means controlled by said jacquard head for positionino,- said needles to engrave a pattern, means for moving a surface to be engraved by saidneedles, and means for shifting said surface transversely of the pattern "between the forming of each line of engraving marlrs.

et. ln an engraving machine, the combination 'of a series of engravingvneedles, a j acquard head, means controlled by said jacqua head for i,gositioning` said needles to engi-ave a pattern, means for moving a surface to be engraved by said needles longitudinally 'of the pattern, said `jacquard head having itsjacquard needle boards movably transversely to the `longitudinal axis of the jacquard cards opposed thereto, and means controlled by said cards for periodically shifting' saidl needle boards.

5, ln an engravingl machine, the combination of 'i series of engraving' needles, a jace fiuard head, meansr controlled by said jacquard head for. positioning said needles for engraving a pattermaneans for moving a ce to be engraved by said needles lonlritudinally of the pattern, yielding;` means for normally retracting said needles from said surface, and means controlled by said jacquard head for forcing,` said needles into Y, rement with said surface. 6. ln an engraving` machine, the combination of a series of engraving` needles, a jacquard head, means controlled by said `iac-y quard head for positioning said needles to engage a pattern, a revolvable arbor adapted to support a cylindrical surface'to be enn grayed, and means controlled by said jacquard head for intermittently revolving said arbor.

7. ln an engraving, machine, the combination of a series of engraving needles, a jac- Aquard head, means controlled by said jac quard head for positioning said needles to engrave a pattern, a revolvable arbor adapted to support a cylindrical surface to be engraved, means controlled by said jacquard head for intermittently revolving said arbor, and means for shifting said arbor longitudinally of its axis at the end of each revolution.

8. In an engraving machine, the combination of a series of engraving needles, a jac-r quard head, means controlled by said jac quard head for positioning said needles to engrave a pattern, a revolvable arbor adapted to support a cylindrical surface to be engraved, means controlled by said jacquard head for intermittently revolving said arbor, means for shifting said arbor longitudinally t its axis at the end of each revoiution and means for revoiving said arbor a ii ,tion oi a normal step between the engraving o tivo successive lines of markings thereon, said means being controlled bysaid `iacquard head.

9. in an engraving machine, the combination of a series of engraving needles, a jacquard head, means controlled by said jacquard head for positioning said needles to engrave a pattern, a revolvable arbor adapted to support a cylindrical surface to be engraved, means controlled by said jacquard head for intermittently revolving said arbor, means for automatically shifting said arbor ongitudinally oli' its anis 'at the end it each revolutiomvand manually operated AVneane for adjusting said arbor longitudinally.

l0. ln an engraving machine, a plurality of arbors adapted to have surfaces to be engraved mountedy thereon, the aXes of said arbors being parallel, means for simultaneously: rotating said arbors step by step, a

' series et engraving needles for each arbor,

the same being 'free to move longitudinally in a ixed plane, and a jacquard head controlling the longitudinal movements of the needles inoall of said series.

11. In an engraving machine, the plurality of arbors adapted to have surfaces to be engravi-id mounted thereon, the axes ot said arbors being parallel, means for simultaneously rotating said arbors step by step, ya series or' engraving needles for each arbor, the same being ree to move longitudinally in a ixed plane, and a jacquard head controiling the longitudinal movements of the needles in all of said series, said series being divided into corresponding groups and corresponding needles in the several groups being controlled by the same hook in the jacquard head.

l2. In an engraving machine, a plurality ot arbors adapted to have surfaces to be engraved mounted thereon, the axes of' said arbors being parallel, means for simultaneously rotating said arbors step by step, a series of engraving needles tor each arbor, the same being free to move longitudinally in a lixedplane, and a jacquard head controlling the longitudinal movements of the needles in all of said series, said series being divided into corresponding groups and corresponding needles in the several groups being controlled by the same hook in the jacguard head, and means for varying the Zero position of all of said arbors simultaneously between successive revolutions thereof.

RICHARD RUDDELL. 

